I-Silicone Enobuhlobo Nokusingqongileyo vs I-Polyurethane Sealant Yeyiphi Eluhlaza Kakhulu?

Kwiizicelo ezininzi,Isitywina seSilicone esinobuhlobo nendalolukhetho oluluhlaza ngakumbi. Iingenelo zeSilicone kwindalo zivela kwimvelaphi yayo esekwe kwisanti kunye nokuqina kwayo okuphezulu. Ukuxhomekeka kwePolyurethane kwipetroliyam kuyinika indawo enkulu kwindalo. Zombini ezi zinto zibambe isabelo esikhulu kwimarike yokwakha, nto leyo eyenza olu mahluko lube lubalulekile kwisakhiwo esizinzileyo.

Imakethi yehlabathi yezitywini zombini inkulu kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ikhule, nto leyo egxininisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokubanzi.

Ukukhetha iSilicone Sealant elungele ukusingqongileyo kudla ngokunciphisa impembelelo yexesha elide kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Umjikelo woBomi Inqanaba loku-1: Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye noMveliso

 

Uhambo lwe-sealant kwindawo engqongileyo luqala ngezinto zayo eziluhlaza. Imvelaphi yezi zinto idala umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane. Enye ivela kwizinto eziqhelekileyo emhlabeni, ngelixa enye ixhomekeke kumafutha efosili anqongopheleyo.

I-Silicone: Evela kwiSanti Eninzi

Izitywino zesiliconezinenzuzo enkulu kwindalo esingqongileyo kwinqanaba lezinto eziluhlaza. Isiseko sazo sokwakha yisilicon, into ephuma kwi-silica, eyintlabathi nje. Iplanethi inomhlaba omninzi noninzi wentlabathi.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa iguqula le nto iluhlaza ibe yi-sealant eqinileyo.

·Okokuqala, abavelisi bafudumeza isanti yesilika ngekhabhoni kwi-oven ukuze bavelise isinyithi sesilicon.

Okulandelayo, le silicon metal isabela kunye ne-methyl chloride ukuze yenze ii-chlorosilanes.

·Okokugqibela, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-hydrolysis iguqula ezi chlorosilanes zibe zii-polymers zokugqibela ze-siloxane ezenza umqolo we-silicone sealant.

Le nkqubo ifuna amandla amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhomekeka kwayo kubutyebi obuninzi be-fuel obungengobafosili kwenza i-silicone ibe nesiqalo esihle njengezinto eziluhlaza.

I-Polyurethane: Evela kwi-oyile ekrwada

Ii-polyurethane sealants zilandela indlela eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Zii-polymers ezenziweyo ezithathwe ngokupheleleyo kwi-oyile ekrwada, ubutyebi obungahlaziyekiyo. Ukuveliswa kwe-polyurethane kuxhomekeke kwiinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili zeekhemikhali: ii-polyols kunye nee-isocyanates. Zombini ezi ziimveliso zoshishino lwe-petrochemical.

Lonke umjikelo wobomi be-polyurethane unxulumene nokutsalwa, ukucocwa, kunye nokucutshungulwa kwamafutha efosili. Oku kuxhomekeka kudala uphawu olukhulu lokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezisekwe kwisanti.

Ukukhupha nokucocwa kweoyile ekrwada kuneengozi ezibhaliweyo zokusingqongileyo, kuquka ukuphazamiseka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu. Oku kuxhomekeka kubutyebi obuncinci kwenza imvelaphi ye-polyurethane ingahlali ixesha elide kuneye-silicone. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezi zinto kwinqanaba lokuvelisa kukukhetha phakathi kobuninzi kunye nokunqongophala.

Isigaba sesi-2 soMjikelo woBomi: Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuPhiliswa: Impembelelo yeMpilo kunye noMgangatho woMoya

Impembelelo yesitywini idlulela ngaphaya kwezinto zayo ezikrwada ukuya kumgangatho womoya kunye nempilo yabo bayisebenzisayo. Ngexesha lokufaka nokunyanga, izitywini zikhupha iikhemikhali emoyeni. Uhlobo kunye nobungakanani bezi zinto zikhutshwayo zenza umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane.

Inzuzo yeSilicone ye-VOC ephantsi

Ii-silicone sealants zihlala zibonelela ngenzuzo ebalulekileyo malunga nomgangatho womoya wangaphakathi nangaphandle. Abavelisi benza ii-silicone ezininzi zanamhlanje ukuze zibe namanqanaba aphantsi kakhulu eeVolatile Organic Compounds (ii-VOC). Ezi compounds zingonakalisa impilo yabantu kwaye zinegalelo ekwakhiweni komsi. Imibutho elawulayo efana neSouth Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) ibeka imigangatho engqongqo yale mveliso yokukhupha umoya phantsi kwemithetho efana noMthetho 1168.

Iimveliso ezininzi ze-silicone ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziyahlangabezana nale migangatho ngokulula. Umzekelo, izitywini ezihambelana nemigangatho ye-LEED v4.1 zihlala zinomthamo we-VOC ongaphantsi kwama-50 grams ngelitha (g/L). Ezinye zezinto ezikhethekileyoizinto zokuvala i-siliconeukufikelela kumanqanaba angaphantsi kwama-30 g/L. Ukukhetha i-silicone sealant ene-VOC ephantsi eyi-100% kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweekhemikhali eziyingozi, kudala imeko-bume ekhuselekileyo kubo bobabini abafake izicelo kunye nabahlali besakhiwo.

Iingozi zePolyurethane's Isocyanate kunye neVOC

Ii-polyurethane sealants zibangela iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwazo. Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali zazo kuquka ii-isocyanates, ezikhuthaza ukuphefumla kunye nolusu. Imibutho yezempilo efana ne-NIOSH kunye ne-OSHA ichonge iingozi ezinkulu ezinxulumene nezi zinto.

Ii-Isocyanates zezona zibangela i-occupational asthma kwihlabathi liphela. Ukuchatshazelwa zizifo kunokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa okukhulu emehlweni, eluswini, nakwindlela yokuphefumla.

Iingozi zempilo ezibangelwa kukuvezwa yi-isocyanate zibhalwe kakuhle:

·Ukuphefumla kunokubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla, isicaphucaphu, kunye nolwelo emiphungeni.

·Ukudibana kwesikhumba kunokubangela i-contact dermatitis.

·Ukuvezwa rhoqo kunokukhokelela ekuziveni, apho nokuba kuncinci kangakanani okubangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla wokusabela okunamandla njengokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba.

Nangona ezinye izitywini ze-polyurethane zenziwe ngee-VOC ezisezantsi, ubukho bee-isocyanates buhlala bungumbandela obalulekileyo kwimpilo nokhuseleko. Le ngozi yenza ukuba umoya ofanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE) zibe yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ngexesha lokufaka, oko kongeza umaleko wengozi ongadibaniyo rhoqo nee-silicone sealants eziphantsi kwe-VOC.

Kutheni iSilicone Sealant enobuhlobo nendalo iphumelela rhoqo xa izinzile

Ukuqina sisiseko sozinzo. I-sealant ehlala ixesha elide ifuna ukutshintshwa okuncinci, ukulondolozwa kwezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kweli nqanaba libalulekileyo lobomi, iimpawu ze-silicone eziyiyo ziyinika inzuzo ekhethekileyo.

I-Silicone: Iyamelana ne-UV kunye neMozulu egqithisileyo

Izitywini zesilicone zimelana kakhulu nezinto ezibangela uxinzelelo kokusingqongileyo, ingakumbi imitha ye-UV kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Olu kuqina luvela kumqolo wazo ozinzileyo wekhemikhali yesilicon-oxygen. Ulwakhiwo lwento aluqhekeki lula lilanga.

·Ixesha Elide Lokuphila: Iisilicone ezinganyangekiyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuhlala iminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu xa zisetyenziswa ngaphandle, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu amaxesha okulungiswa nokutshintshwa.

·Uzinzo lobushushu: Irabha yesilicone eqhelekileyo isebenza kakuhle kubushushu obukhulu, rhoqo ukusuka kwi -60°C ukuya kwi +230°C (-76°F ukuya kwi +446°F). Ihlala iguquguquka xa ibanda kwaye izinzile xa ishushu kakhulu.

·Ukusebenza Okuqinisekisiweyo: Izifundo zesayensi ziqinisekisa ukuqina kwesilicone. Emva kweeyure ezili-1000 zokuguga kwe-UV-A, irabha yesilicone igcina iimpawu zayo zoomatshini ngcono kakhulu kunezinye iipolymers ezininzi.

Le ntsebenzo iqinileyo yenzaIsitywina seSilicone esinobuhlobo nendalolukhetho oluthembekileyo lokukhusela imozulu ixesha elide, ukusuka ekwakheni iifacade ukuya kwizitywini zeefestile. Amandla ayo okunyamezela amashumi eminyaka elanga kunye nemozulu aqinisa indawo yayo njengezinto eziluhlaza.

I-Polyurethane: Yomelele kodwa Isengozini yeLanga

Ii-polyurethane sealants zaziwa ngamandla azo okukrazula kunye nokumelana nokukrazula. Zenza i-bond eqinileyo nehlala ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, olu qina luza nobuthathaka obukhulu elangeni. Ii-organic chemical bonds kwi-polyurethane zisengozini yokubola kwe-UV.

Ukuvezwa lilanga kuqala inkqubo yeekhemikhali eqhawula iibhondi ze-urethane. Oku kubola kukhokelela kwimiphumo engathandekiyo efana nokutyheli, ukutshixiza, kunye nokwenziwa kwemifantu yomphezulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukuze balwe nobu buthathaka obukhoyo, abavelisi kufuneka baqinise izitywini ze-polyurethane ngezithako ezikhethekileyo.

·Iziqinisi ze-UV kunye nezifunxi zixutywa kwifomyula.

·Ezi zongezo zinceda ekukhuseleni i-polymer ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

·Ngaphandle kwazo, ubomi benkonzo yesitywini kwiindawo zangaphandle bebuya kuba bufutshane kakhulu.

Nangona ezi zongezo ziphucula ukusebenza, zibonisa ubuthathaka obubalulekileyo. Imfuneko yokuphucula ukumelana ne-UV, endaweni yokuba nayo ngokwemvelo, ibeka i-polyurethane kwimeko embi xa ithelekiswa ne-silicone kwiindawo ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo xa zichatshazelwa lilanga.

Isigaba sesi-3 soMjikelo woBomi: Ukusebenza kunye noBomi obude

Ixabiso lokwenyani le-sealant livela ngexesha lokusebenza kwayo. Imveliso engasebenzi kakuhle ngaphambi kwexesha idala inkunkuma eninzi kwaye isebenzise izixhobo ezininzi zokutshintshwa. Ngoko ke, ukuhlala ixesha elide yindlela ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa uzinzo.

Inzuzo yokusingqongileyo yokutshintshwa kwezinto ezimbalwa

Ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezimbalwa kuthetha ukuba kukho umonakalo omncinci kwindalo esingqongileyo.Isitywina seSilicone esinobuhlobo nendaloigqwesile kweli candelo. Izitywini zesilicone ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokusebenza iminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu, nokuba ziphantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Olu qina lubalaseleyo lunciphisa umjikelo wokususwa kunye nokufakwa kwakhona. Ukutshintshwa ngakunye okuthintelweyo kuthetha ukuba isitywini esidala asiyi kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma kwaye kuncinci izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye namandla asetyenziswayo ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha.

Le ngcinga yexesha elide ihambelana neendlela zokulungisa ezizinzileyo. Ukutyala imali kwizinto ezihlala ixesha elide kwasekuqaleni kuthintela ukulungiswa okungxamisekileyo okubiza kakhulu nokufuna izixhobo ezininzi kamva.

Ngedola nganye echithwa kwi-caulking yeprimiyamu kunye nokufakelwa kobuchwephesha, abanini bepropathi banokonga malunga ne-$4-6 kwiindleko zokulungisa ezinokubakho kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.

Ukukhetha isitywini esihlala ixesha elide kutyalo-mali kwimpilo yezemali kunye neyokusingqongileyo. Kunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza zexesha elide kwaye konga izixhobo ezixabisekileyo.

Xa Ukuqina kwePolyurethane Kuyimfuneko

Nangona i-silicone inika ukumelana okuphezulu kwemozulu, i-polyurethane inika ukuqina okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwizicelo ezithile nezinzima. Amandla ayo aphezulu okukrazula kunye nokumelana nokukrazula kwenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiindawo ezithe tyaba ezihamba ngezithuthi ezininzi. Kule meko, ukuqina kwe-polyurethane kuba yinzuzo yayo ephambili kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Izitywini zePolyurethane zenzelwe iindawo ezinyamezela uxinzelelo lomzimba oluqhubekayo:

·Ukwandiswa kunye nolawulo lweendawo zokubeka phantsi kwesamente

·Indlu yokugcina impahla kunye nomgangatho wefektri

·Iigaraji zokupaka kunye neendlela zokungena

Ukusebenzisa isitywina esingahlali ixesha elide kwezi ndawo zinabantu abaninzi kuya kukhokelela ekusileleni ngokukhawuleza, ekutshintsheni rhoqo, nasekuchitheni inkunkuma eninzi iyonke. Kwezi zicelo zithile, ukukwazi kwe-polyurethane ukumelana nokukrazuka kunye nokubotshwa kuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo ende, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho luzinzileyo apho ukuqina koomatshini kuyeyona mfuneko iphambili.

Isigaba sesi-4 soMjikelo woBomi: Ukupheliswa koBomi

Inqanaba lokugqibela lobomi be-sealant kukulahlwa kwayo. Akukho silicone okanye i-polyurethane ezinokubola, ngoko ke indlela eziziphatha ngayo kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma ibaluleke kakhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo. Uzinzo lwazo lweekhemikhali kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kudala iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuphela kobomi.

I-Silicone kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma

Izinto zokutywina ze-silicone azinazo iikhemikhali. Oku kuzinza kuthetha ukuba aziqhekeki zibe zizinto eziyingozi okanye zikhuphe ityhefu emhlabeni namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuzinza kuzenza zihlale ixesha elide kwindawo esingqongileyo. Ii-polymers ze-silicone zinokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-50 ukuya kuma-500 ukubola kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma, nto leyo enegalelo ekuqokeleleni inkunkuma ixesha elide.

Nangona inkunkuma ye-silicone ingapheli, indlela engasebenzi ngayo iyenza ibonakale ingenabungozi kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma xa ithelekiswa nezinye iiplastiki.

Ukuphinda usebenzise i-silicone emva kokusetyenziswa kwayo kunzima kodwa kuyanda. Izisombululo ezintsha zibonelela ngendlela eya kuqoqosho olujikelezayo:

·Iinkampani ezikhethekileyo kunye nabanye abavelisi baqala ukuqokelela iimveliso ze-silicone emva kokuthengwa.

·Iinkqubo zokuhlunga zerobhothi eziphambili, njengenye eJamani, ngoku ziyakwazi ukuchonga nokwahlula iikhatriji zesilicone kwinkunkuma yeplastiki exutyiweyo.

·Iingcamango ezintsha zokuqonda iikhemikhali kunye nokuqhaqha iimveliso ezifana neglasi yokukhusela ubushushu zijolise ekubuyiseleni i-silicone ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona okanye isetyenziswe kwakhona.

I-Polyurethane kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma

I-Polyurethane ibeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo ekupheleni kobomi bayo. Iinethiwekhi ze-polymer eziqinileyo nezidibeneyo ezinika amandla zikwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa kwakhona ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo. Njengoko i-polyurethane ibola kancinci kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma, inokukhupha iikhemikhali ezinobungozi. Uphando lubonisa ukuba oku konakala kunokukhupha izinto eziyingozi, kuquka i-carcinogen 2,4-diaminotoluene.

Ubunzima bokusebenzisa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kudla ngokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwezinto, apho izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zilahlekelwa ngumgangatho kunye nexabiso. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baphuhlisa ngenkuthalo iindlela eziphucukileyo zokusebenzisa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ukulungisa oku.

·Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iikhemikhali: Iinkqubo ezifana ne-acidolysis zinokuqhekeza i-polyurethane ziye kwiimonomers zayo zokuqala, zivumele ukuba zisetyenziswe kwakhona zibe zizinto ezintsha nezisemgangathweni ophezulu.

·Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iThermochemical: I-Pyrolysis isebenzisa ubushushu kwindawo engenaoksijini ukuguqula inkunkuma ye-polyurethane ibe ziigesi eziluncedo, ulwelo, kunye nezinto eziqinileyo.

Ezi ndlela zintsha zithembisa ukuguqula i-polyurethane ukusuka kwimveliso ethe tye "yokusebenzisa nokulahla" ibe yimveliso ejikelezayo.

Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo, i-Silicone Sealant enobuhlobo nendalo yeyona ilungileyo. Imvelaphi yayo esekwe kwisanti, ukukhutshwa kwayo okuphantsi kwe-VOC, kunye nobomi bayo obugqwesileyo buyenza ibe nomtsalane omncinci kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukuphila ixesha elide kwe-silicone kunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo inkunkuma yexesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, into ephambili kwiziqinisekiso zayo eziluhlaza. Ukusebenzisa i-Silicone Sealant enobuhlobo nendalo engaphantsi kwe-VOC kukwanceda iiprojekthi ukuba zifumane iikhredithi phantsi kweziqinisekiso ezinkulu zokwakha eziluhlaza.

·LEED

·IBREAM

·IiGlobe eziluhlaza

Ukuze ufumane impembelelo encinci kwindalo esingqongileyo ekutywinweni ngokubanzi, khetha i-100% VOC ephantsiisitywini se-siliconeevela kubavelisi abaphambili abanjengoDow, Sika, okanye Wacker

FAQ

Yeyiphi into etywinayo enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo?

I-siliconengokubanzi lukhetho oluluhlaza. Iingenelo zalo ziquka imvelaphi esekwe kwisanti, ukukhutshwa kwe-VOC ephantsi, kunye nokuqina okuphezulu. Olu bomi bude bunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nesidingo sokutshintshwa, kunciphisa impembelelo yayo iyonke kwindalo xa kuthelekiswa ne-polyurethane esekwe kwi-petroleum.

Ngaba i-polyurethane ihlala ilukhetho oluluhlaza?

Ewe, kwiindlela ezithile ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ukuqina okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwePolyurethane kulungele umgangatho wendlu yokugcina impahla okanye iindlela zokungena. Ukuqina kwayo kwezi ndawo kuthintela ukulungiswa rhoqo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho luhlala luhleli apho kufuneka khona ukumelana nokukrweleka okukhulu.

 

Ngaba ii-VOC zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwimpilo xa kusetyenziswa izinto zokutywina?

Hayi, ezinye iikhemikhali zibeka umngcipheko. Ii-polyurethane sealants ziqulathe ii-isocyanates, ezaziwa ngokuba zizinto ezivuselela ukuphefumla. Ezi zinto zibangela iingozi ezinkulu zempilo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwazo ezingekhoyo kwiimveliso ezininzi ze-silicone ezine-VOC ephantsi, nto leyo eyenza i-silicone ibe lukhetho olukhuselekileyo lwezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo.

Ndingakwazi ukuphinda ndisebenzise iityhubhu ezindala zokutywina?

Iindlela zokuphinda usebenzise izinto zokutywina ezisetyenzisiweyo zisaphuhliswa. Ezinye izakhiwo ezikhethekileyo kunye nabavelisi baqala ukwamkela i-silicone emva kokusetyenziswa. Abasebenzisi kufuneka bahlale beqhagamshelana negunya labo lolawulo lwenkunkuma ukuze bafumane izikhokelo zamva nje zokulahla inkunkuma kwindawo yabo.